UK ke naha ea pele lefats'eng ho fihlela phepelo ea matla a mashala a lefela, hape ke naha e le 'ngoe feela e fihletseng phetoho ho tloha ho lifeme tse kholo tse fehloang ka mashala ka phehlo ea motlakase e kopantsoeng ka biomass ho ea ho mashala a maholo- lifeme tse fehlang motlakase tse nang le mafura a 100% a hloekileng a biomass.

Ka 2019, karolo ea matla a mashala UK e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 42.06% ka 2012 ho ea ho 1.9% feela. Ho bolokoa hona joale ha matla a mashala ho bakoa haholo-holo ka phetoho e tsitsitseng le e sireletsehileng ea marang-rang, 'me phepelo ea matla a biomass e fihlile ho 6.25% (Motlakase oa China oa biomass Chelete e ka bang 0.6%). Ka 2020, ho tla ba le lifeme tse peli feela tse fehloang ka mashala (West Burton le Ratcliffe) tse setseng UK ho tsoela pele ho sebelisa mashala joalo ka mafura bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase. Ho rala moralo oa matla a Brithani, tlhahiso ea matla a biomass e tla ikarabella bakeng sa 16% nakong e tlang.

1. Semelo sa phepelo ea motlakase e kopantsoeng ka biomass UK

Ka 1989, UK e ile ea phatlalatsa Molao oa Motlakase (Molao oa Motlakase oa 1989), haholo-holo ka mor'a ho kenngoa ha Noe-Fossil Fuel Obligatio (NFFO) Molaong oa Motlakase, UK butle-butle e ne e e-na le melaoana e batlang e le e feletseng ea Khothatso le kotlo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea matla. NFFO e tlamehile ka molao ho batla hore litsi tsa motlakase tsa UK li fane ka karolo e itseng ea matla a tsosolositsoeng kapa matla a nyutlelie (phehlo ea matla a sa foleng).

Ka 2002, Renewable Obligation (RO) e nkile sebaka sa Non-fossil Fuel Obligation (NFFO). Motheong oa mantlha, RO ha e kenyeletse matla a nyutlelie, 'me e fana ka Likoloto tse Nchafatsoang Litlamo (ROCs) (Hlokomela: e lekanang le Setifikeiti se Setala sa China) bakeng sa motlakase o fanoang ka matla a tsosolositsoeng ho laola le lifeme tsa Motlakase li hlokoa ho fana ka peresente e itseng ea matla a matla a ka nchafatsoang. Li-certificate tsa ROCs li ka rekisoa pakeng tsa bafani ba motlakase, 'me lik'hamphani tse fehlang motlakase tse se nang matla a lekaneng a tsosolositsoeng ho hlahisa motlakase li ka reka li-ROC tse feteletseng ho tsoa lik'hamphani tse ling tsa motlakase kapa li tobana le likotlo tse phahameng tsa' muso. Qalong, ROC e le 'ngoe e ne e emela likhato tse sekete tsa matla a matla a tsosolositsoeng. Ka 2009, ROC e tla be e feto-fetoha haholoanyane ho metering ho latela mefuta e fapaneng ea mahlale a fehlang matla a ka nchafatsoang. Ho feta moo, mmuso oa Borithane o fane ka Energy Crop Scheme ka 2001, e fanang ka lithuso bakeng sa lihoai ho lema lijalo tsa matla, joalo ka lihlahla tsa matla le joang bo matla.

Ka 2004, United Kingdom e ile ea amohela melaoana e amehang ea indasteri ho khothaletsa lifeme tse kholo tse fehlang matla a mashala ho etsa phepelo ea motlakase e kopaneng ea biomass le ho sebelisa mafura a biomass ho lekanya lithuso. Sena se tšoana le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe, empa se fapane le lithuso tsa naha ea heso bakeng sa tlhahiso ea matla a biomass.

Ka 2012, ha ts'ebetso ea biomass e ntse e mpefala, phepelo ea motlakase e kopantsoeng le biomass United Kingdom e ile ea fetohela ho lifeme tse kholo tse fehloang ka mashala tse chesang mafura a 100% a hloekileng a biomass.

2. Tsela ea botekgeniki

Ho ipapisitsoe le boiphihlelo le lithuto tsa ho fehla motlakase o kopantsoeng le biomass Europe pele ho 2000, phepelo ea motlakase e kopaneng ea biomass ea United Kingdom kaofela e amohetse tsela e tobileng ea theknoloji ea ho kopanya motlakase. Ho tloha qalong, e ile ea amohela ka bokhutšoanyane 'me ea lahla ka potlako biomass ea khale le ho arolelana mashala. Leloala la mashala (Co-Milling coal mill coupling), ho theknoloji ea ho kopanya matla a biomass e kopanyang matla a feme ea mashala, kaofela li nka theknoloji ea Co-Feeding coupling kapa thekenoloji e inehetseng ea ho kopanya mollo oa mollo. Ka nako e tšoanang, lifeme tsena tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa ho fehla matla a mashala le tsona li hahile libaka tsa polokelo, tsa ho fepa le tsa ho fepa bakeng sa libeso tse fapaneng tsa biomass, tse kang litšila tsa temo, lijalo tsa matla le litšila tsa meru. Leha ho le joalo, feme e kholo ea matla a mashala a phehiloeng ka matla a mashala a kopantsoeng a ntse a ka sebelisa li-boilers tse seng li ntse li le teng, lijenereithara tsa turbine tsa mouoane, libaka le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa setsi sa motlakase, basebetsi ba feme ea matla, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo, lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang le mebaraka ea motlakase, joalo-joalo. ., e ka ntlafatsang haholo ts'ebeliso ea lits'ebeletso E boetse e qoba matsete a phahameng ho matla a macha le kaho e sa hlokahaleng. Ke mohlala oa moruo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa phetoho kapa phetoho e sa fellang ho tloha ho mashala ho ea ho tlhahiso ea matla a biomass.

3. Etella morero pele

Ka 2005, tlhahiso ea matla e kopantsoeng ka biomass United Kingdom e fihlile ho 2.533 billion kWh, e leng karolo ea 14.95% ea matla a tsosolositsoeng. Ka 2018 le 2019, tlhahiso ea matla a biomass UK e ile ea feta matla a mashala. Har'a tsona, setsi sa eona se etelletseng pele sa projeke ea Drax se fane ka matla a fetang libilione tse 13 tsa kWh ea biomass ka lilemo tse tharo tse latellanang.